Changes between Version 3 and Version 4 of DeviceDrivers

Timestamp:

2011-10-13T06:31:50Z (13 years ago)

Author:

Jiri Svoboda

Comment:

Drivers in HelenOS

DeviceDrivers

@@ -4 +4 @@
 The hardware an OS runs on can be modelled as a hierarchy of (peripheral) interconnects (buses) to which devices are attached. Each bus provides connectivity to devices or other buses. This hiearchy can be often represented as a tree (or directed acyclic graph), where inner (nexus) nodes correspond to buses and leaf nodes correspond to devices.
 
-Needless to say this is just a model, meaning nothing is given a priori, the model can look differently depending on our choice. It is often not clear what is a device and what is not, where are the boundaries of a particular device, etc. Consequently, there is also no clear line between what still is a device driver and what is not.
+Needless to say this is just a model, meaning nothing is given ''a priori'', the model can look differently depending on our choice. It is often not clear what is a device and what is not, where are the boundaries of a particular device, etc. Consequently, there is also no clear line between what still is a device driver and what is not.
 
 Usually devices (or their drivers) have one or more of the following traits. When a system is coming up, it attempts to transitively discover all buses and devices connected to it. For each bus or device it selects the appropriate driver. The driver takes (complete) control of the bus or device and makes its services available to the system (to other drivers in case of a bus, to applications in case of a device). The driver abstracts away the details of a particular device model and provides an interface common to a class of devices (e.g. Ethernet adapter). The system often also virtualizes the device, providing concurrent access to multiple clients, but this can be done at a higher level, rather than in the driver itself.
@@ -10 +10 @@
 == Overview of Drivers in HelenOS ==
 
+Device drivers in HelenOS come in two flavors, ''plain drivers'' and ''DDF drivers''. Plain drivers originated before the Device Driver Framework (DDF) was created. They are simple servers which are started manually (from command line or from ''init'' task) and they reside in {{{/srv}}}. DDF drivers make use of the Device Driver Framework which takes care of starting them, attaching them to devices, etc. They reside in {{{/drv}}}.
+
+Both kinds of drivers export their services to clients in the same way, as services registered with the ''Location Service''. Each service has a unique name and it can be added to one or more categories. For a client it does not matter how a service is implemented, whether in a plain driver or in a DDF driver. This is an important design point.
+
+DDF drivers are most useful for drivers that reside on busses that support discovery and hotplug (PCI, USB). Plain drivers are useful for implementing pseudo-devices. ''file_bd'' is an example of a plain driver. It implements a file-backed block device and it is started from the command line.
 
 == DDF (Device Driver Framework) ==