source: mainline/uspace/lib/posix/time.c@ 8219eb9

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2011 Petr Koupy
 * Copyright (c) 2011 Jiri Zarevucky
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 *
 * - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *   documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * - The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
 *   derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
 * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
 * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
 * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
 * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

/** @addtogroup libposix
 * @{
 */
/** @file Time measurement support.
 */

#define LIBPOSIX_INTERNAL

/* Must be first. */
#include "stdbool.h"

#include "internal/common.h"
#include "time.h"

#include "ctype.h"
#include "errno.h"
#include "signal.h"

#include "libc/malloc.h"
#include "libc/task.h"
#include "libc/stats.h"
#include "libc/sys/time.h"

// TODO: test everything in this file

/* In some places in this file, phrase "normalized broken-down time" is used.
 * This means time broken down to components (year, month, day, hour, min, sec),
 * in which every component is in its proper bounds. Non-normalized time could
 * e.g. be 2011-54-5 29:13:-5, which would semantically mean start of year 2011
 * + 53 months + 4 days + 29 hours + 13 minutes - 5 seconds.
 */



/* Helper functions ***********************************************************/

#define HOURS_PER_DAY (24)
#define MINS_PER_HOUR (60)
#define SECS_PER_MIN (60)
#define MINS_PER_DAY (MINS_PER_HOUR * HOURS_PER_DAY)
#define SECS_PER_HOUR (SECS_PER_MIN * MINS_PER_HOUR)
#define SECS_PER_DAY (SECS_PER_HOUR * HOURS_PER_DAY)

/**
 * Checks whether the year is a leap year.
 *
 * @param year Year since 1900 (e.g. for 1970, the value is 70).
 * @return true if year is a leap year, false otherwise
 */
static bool _is_leap_year(time_t year)
{
        year += 1900;

        if (year % 400 == 0)
                return true;
        if (year % 100 == 0)
                return false;
        if (year % 4 == 0)
                return true;
        return false;
}

/**
 * Returns how many days there are in the given month of the given year.
 * Note that year is only taken into account if month is February.
 *
 * @param year Year since 1900 (can be negative).
 * @param mon Month of the year. 0 for January, 11 for December.
 * @return Number of days in the specified month.
 */
static int _days_in_month(time_t year, time_t mon)
{
        assert(mon >= 0 && mon <= 11);

        static int month_days[] =
                { 31, 0, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31 };

        if (mon == 1) {
                year += 1900;
                /* february */
                return _is_leap_year(year) ? 29 : 28;
        } else {
                return month_days[mon];
        }
}

/**
 * For specified year, month and day of month, returns which day of that year
 * it is.
 *
 * For example, given date 2011-01-03, the corresponding expression is:
 *     _day_of_year(111, 0, 3) == 2
 *
 * @param year Year (year 1900 = 0, can be negative).
 * @param mon Month (January = 0).
 * @param mday Day of month (First day is 1).
 * @return Day of year (First day is 0).
 */
static int _day_of_year(time_t year, time_t mon, time_t mday)
{
        static int mdays[] =
            { 0, 31, 59, 90, 120, 151, 181, 212, 243, 273, 304, 334 };
        static int leap_mdays[] =
            { 0, 31, 60, 91, 121, 152, 182, 213, 244, 274, 305, 335 };

        return (_is_leap_year(year) ? leap_mdays[mon] : mdays[mon]) + mday - 1;
}

/**
 * Integer division that rounds to negative infinity.
 * Used by some functions in this file.
 *
 * @param op1 Dividend.
 * @param op2 Divisor.
 * @return Rounded quotient.
 */
static time_t _floor_div(time_t op1, time_t op2)
{
        if (op1 >= 0 || op1 % op2 == 0) {
                return op1 / op2;
        } else {
                return op1 / op2 - 1;
        }
}

/**
 * Modulo that rounds to negative infinity.
 * Used by some functions in this file.
 *
 * @param op1 Dividend.
 * @param op2 Divisor.
 * @return Remainder.
 */
static time_t _floor_mod(time_t op1, time_t op2)
{
        int div = _floor_div(op1, op2);

        /* (a / b) * b + a % b == a */
        /* thus, a % b == a - (a / b) * b */

        int result = op1 - div * op2;
        
        /* Some paranoid checking to ensure I didn't make a mistake here. */
        assert(result >= 0);
        assert(result < op2);
        assert(div * op2 + result == op1);
        
        return result;
}

/**
 * Number of days since the Epoch.
 * Epoch is 1970-01-01, which is also equal to day 0.
 *
 * @param year Year (year 1900 = 0, may be negative).
 * @param mon Month (January = 0).
 * @param mday Day of month (first day = 1).
 * @return Number of days since the Epoch.
 */
static time_t _days_since_epoch(time_t year, time_t mon, time_t mday)
{
        return (year - 70) * 365 + _floor_div(year - 69, 4) -
            _floor_div(year - 1, 100) + _floor_div(year + 299, 400) +
            _day_of_year(year, mon, mday);
}

/**
 * Which day of week the specified date is.
 * 
 * @param year Year (year 1900 = 0).
 * @param mon Month (January = 0).
 * @param mday Day of month (first = 1).
 * @return Day of week (Sunday = 0).
 */
static int _day_of_week(time_t year, time_t mon, time_t mday)
{
        /* 1970-01-01 is Thursday */
        return _floor_mod((_days_since_epoch(year, mon, mday) + 4), 7);
}

/**
 * Normalizes the broken-down time and optionally adds specified amount of
 * seconds.
 * 
 * @param tm Broken-down time to normalize.
 * @param sec_add Seconds to add.
 * @return 0 on success, -1 on overflow
 */
static int _normalize_time(struct tm *tm, time_t sec_add)
{
        // TODO: DST correction

        /* Set initial values. */
        time_t sec = tm->tm_sec + sec_add;
        time_t min = tm->tm_min;
        time_t hour = tm->tm_hour;
        time_t day = tm->tm_mday - 1;
        time_t mon = tm->tm_mon;
        time_t year = tm->tm_year;

        /* Adjust time. */
        min += _floor_div(sec, SECS_PER_MIN);
        sec = _floor_mod(sec, SECS_PER_MIN);
        hour += _floor_div(min, MINS_PER_HOUR);
        min = _floor_mod(min, MINS_PER_HOUR);
        day += _floor_div(hour, HOURS_PER_DAY);
        hour = _floor_mod(hour, HOURS_PER_DAY);

        /* Adjust month. */
        year += _floor_div(mon, 12);
        mon = _floor_mod(mon, 12);

        /* Now the difficult part - days of month. */
        
        /* First, deal with whole cycles of 400 years = 146097 days. */
        year += _floor_div(day, 146097) * 400;
        day = _floor_mod(day, 146097);
        
        /* Then, go in one year steps. */
        if (mon <= 1) {
                /* January and February. */
                while (day > 365) {
                        day -= _is_leap_year(year) ? 366 : 365;
                        year++;
                }
        } else {
                /* Rest of the year. */
                while (day > 365) {
                        day -= _is_leap_year(year + 1) ? 366 : 365;
                        year++;
                }
        }
        
        /* Finally, finish it off month per month. */
        while (day >= _days_in_month(year, mon)) {
                day -= _days_in_month(year, mon);
                mon++;
                if (mon >= 12) {
                        mon -= 12;
                        year++;
                }
        }
        
        /* Calculate the remaining two fields. */
        tm->tm_yday = _day_of_year(year, mon, day + 1);
        tm->tm_wday = _day_of_week(year, mon, day + 1);
        
        /* And put the values back to the struct. */
        tm->tm_sec = (int) sec;
        tm->tm_min = (int) min;
        tm->tm_hour = (int) hour;
        tm->tm_mday = (int) day + 1;
        tm->tm_mon = (int) mon;
        
        /* Casts to work around libc brain-damage. */
        if (year > ((int)INT_MAX) || year < ((int)INT_MIN)) {
                tm->tm_year = (year < 0) ? ((int)INT_MIN) : ((int)INT_MAX);
                return -1;
        }
        
        tm->tm_year = (int) year;
        return 0;
}

/******************************************************************************/

int posix_daylight;
long posix_timezone;
char *posix_tzname[2];

/**
 * Set timezone conversion information.
 */
void posix_tzset(void)
{
        // TODO: read environment
        posix_tzname[0] = (char *) "GMT";
        posix_tzname[1] = (char *) "GMT";
        posix_daylight = 0;
        posix_timezone = 0;
}

/**
 * Calculate the difference between two times, in seconds.
 * 
 * @param time1 First time.
 * @param time0 Second time.
 * @return Time in seconds.
 */
double posix_difftime(time_t time1, time_t time0)
{
        return (double) (time1 - time0);
}

/**
 * Converts a time value to a broken-down UTC time.
 * 
 * @param timer Time to convert.
 * @param result Structure to store the result to.
 * @return Value of result on success, NULL on overflow.
 */
struct tm *posix_gmtime_r(const time_t *restrict timer,
    struct tm *restrict result)
{
        assert(timer != NULL);
        assert(result != NULL);

        /* Set result to epoch. */
        result->tm_sec = 0;
        result->tm_min = 0;
        result->tm_hour = 0;
        result->tm_mday = 1;
        result->tm_mon = 0;
        result->tm_year = 70; /* 1970 */

        if (_normalize_time(result, *timer) == -1) {
                errno = EOVERFLOW;
                return NULL;
        }

        return result;
}

/**
 * Converts a time value to a broken-down local time.
 *
 * @param timer Time to convert.
 * @return Normalized broken-down time in local timezone, NULL on overflow.
 */
struct tm *posix_localtime(const time_t *timer)
{
        static struct tm result;
        return posix_localtime_r(timer, &result);
}

/**
 * Converts a time value to a broken-down local time.
 * 
 * @param timer Time to convert.
 * @param result Structure to store the result to.
 * @return Value of result on success, NULL on overflow.
 */
struct tm *posix_localtime_r(const time_t *restrict timer,
    struct tm *restrict result)
{
        // TODO: deal with timezone
        // currently assumes system and all times are in GMT
        return posix_gmtime_r(timer, result);
}

/**
 * Converts broken-down time to a string in format
 * "Sun Jan 1 00:00:00 1970\n". (Obsolete)
 *
 * @param timeptr Broken-down time structure.
 * @param buf Buffer to store string to, must be at least ASCTIME_BUF_LEN
 *     bytes long.
 * @return Value of buf.
 */
char *posix_asctime_r(const struct tm *restrict timeptr,
    char *restrict buf)
{
        assert(timeptr != NULL);
        assert(buf != NULL);

        static const char *wday[] = {
                "Sun", "Mon", "Tue", "Wed", "Thu", "Fri", "Sat"
        };
        static const char *mon[] = {
                "Jan", "Feb", "Mar", "Apr", "May", "Jun",
                "Jul", "Aug", "Sep", "Oct", "Nov", "Dec"
        };

        snprintf(buf, ASCTIME_BUF_LEN, "%s %s %2d %02d:%02d:%02d %d\n",
            wday[timeptr->tm_wday],
            mon[timeptr->tm_mon],
            timeptr->tm_mday, timeptr->tm_hour,
            timeptr->tm_min, timeptr->tm_sec,
            1900 + timeptr->tm_year);

        return buf;
}

/**
 * Equivalent to asctime(localtime(clock)).
 * 
 * @param timer Time to convert.
 * @return Pointer to a statically allocated string holding the date.
 */
char *posix_ctime(const time_t *timer)
{
        struct tm *loctime = posix_localtime(timer);
        if (loctime == NULL) {
                return NULL;
        }
        return asctime(loctime);
}

/**
 * Reentrant variant of ctime().
 * 
 * @param timer Time to convert.
 * @param buf Buffer to store string to. Must be at least ASCTIME_BUF_LEN
 *     bytes long.
 * @return Pointer to buf on success, NULL on falure.
 */
char *posix_ctime_r(const time_t *timer, char *buf)
{
        struct tm loctime;
        if (posix_localtime_r(timer, &loctime) == NULL) {
                return NULL;
        }
        return posix_asctime_r(&loctime, buf);
}

/**
 * Get clock resolution. Only CLOCK_REALTIME is supported.
 *
 * @param clock_id Clock ID.
 * @param res Pointer to the variable where the resolution is to be written.
 * @return 0 on success, -1 with errno set on failure.
 */
int posix_clock_getres(posix_clockid_t clock_id, struct posix_timespec *res)
{
        assert(res != NULL);

        switch (clock_id) {
                case CLOCK_REALTIME:
                        res->tv_sec = 0;
                        res->tv_nsec = 1000; /* Microsecond resolution. */
                        return 0;
                default:
                        errno = EINVAL;
                        return -1;
        }
}

/**
 * Get time. Only CLOCK_REALTIME is supported.
 * 
 * @param clock_id ID of the clock to query.
 * @param tp Pointer to the variable where the time is to be written.
 * @return 0 on success, -1 with errno on failure.
 */
int posix_clock_gettime(posix_clockid_t clock_id, struct posix_timespec *tp)
{
        assert(tp != NULL);

        switch (clock_id) {
                case CLOCK_REALTIME:
                        ;
                        struct timeval tv;
                        gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
                        tp->tv_sec = tv.tv_sec;
                        tp->tv_nsec = tv.tv_usec * 1000;
                        return 0;
                default:
                        errno = EINVAL;
                        return -1;
        }
}

/**
 * Set time on a specified clock. As HelenOS doesn't support this yet,
 * this function always fails.
 * 
 * @param clock_id ID of the clock to set.
 * @param tp Time to set.
 * @return 0 on success, -1 with errno on failure.
 */
int posix_clock_settime(posix_clockid_t clock_id,
    const struct posix_timespec *tp)
{
        assert(tp != NULL);

        switch (clock_id) {
                case CLOCK_REALTIME:
                        // TODO: setting clock
                        // FIXME: HelenOS doesn't actually support hardware
                        //        clock yet
                        errno = EPERM;
                        return -1;
                default:
                        errno = EINVAL;
                        return -1;
        }
}

/**
 * Sleep on a specified clock.
 * 
 * @param clock_id ID of the clock to sleep on (only CLOCK_REALTIME supported).
 * @param flags Flags (none supported).
 * @param rqtp Sleep time.
 * @param rmtp Remaining time is written here if sleep is interrupted.
 * @return 0 on success, -1 with errno set on failure.
 */
int posix_clock_nanosleep(posix_clockid_t clock_id, int flags,
    const struct posix_timespec *rqtp, struct posix_timespec *rmtp)
{
        assert(rqtp != NULL);
        assert(rmtp != NULL);

        switch (clock_id) {
                case CLOCK_REALTIME:
                        // TODO: interruptible sleep
                        if (rqtp->tv_sec != 0) {
                                sleep(rqtp->tv_sec);
                        }
                        if (rqtp->tv_nsec != 0) {
                                usleep(rqtp->tv_nsec / 1000);
                        }
                        return 0;
                default:
                        errno = EINVAL;
                        return -1;
        }
}

/**
 * Get CPU time used since the process invocation.
 *
 * @return Consumed CPU cycles by this process or -1 if not available.
 */
posix_clock_t posix_clock(void)
{
        posix_clock_t total_cycles = -1;
        stats_task_t *task_stats = stats_get_task(task_get_id());
        if (task_stats) {
                total_cycles = (posix_clock_t) (task_stats->kcycles +
                    task_stats->ucycles);
                free(task_stats);
                task_stats = 0;
        }

        return total_cycles;
}

/** @}
 */