| 1 | #!/usr/bin/env python
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| 2 | #
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| 3 | # Copyright (c) 2008 Martin Decky
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| 4 | # All rights reserved.
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| 5 | #
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| 6 | # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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| 7 | # modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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| 8 | # are met:
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| 9 | #
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| 10 | # - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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| 11 | # notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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| 12 | # - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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| 13 | # notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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| 14 | # documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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| 15 | # - The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
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| 16 | # derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
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| 17 | #
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| 18 | # THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
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| 19 | # IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
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| 20 | # OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
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| 21 | # IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
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| 22 | # INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
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| 23 | # NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
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| 24 | # DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
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| 25 | # THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
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| 26 | # (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
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| 27 | # THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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| 28 | #
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| 29 |
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| 30 | """
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| 31 | FAT creator
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| 32 | """
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| 33 |
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| 34 | import sys
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| 35 | import os
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| 36 | import random
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| 37 | import xstruct
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| 38 | import array
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| 39 | from imgutil import *
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| 40 |
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| 41 | def subtree_size(root, cluster_size, dirent_size):
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| 42 | "Recursive directory walk and calculate size"
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| 43 |
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| 44 | size = 0
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| 45 | files = 2
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| 46 |
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| 47 | for item in listdir_items(root):
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| 48 | if item.is_file:
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| 49 | size += align_up(item.size, cluster_size)
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| 50 | files += 1
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| 51 | elif item.is_dir:
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| 52 | size += subtree_size(item.path, cluster_size, dirent_size)
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| 53 | files += 1
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| 54 |
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| 55 | return size + align_up(files * dirent_size, cluster_size)
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| 56 |
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| 57 | def root_entries(root):
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| 58 | "Return number of root directory entries"
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| 59 |
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| 60 | return len(os.listdir(root))
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| 61 |
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| 62 | def write_file(item, outf, cluster_size, data_start, fat, reserved_clusters):
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| 63 | "Store the contents of a file"
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| 64 |
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| 65 | prev = -1
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| 66 | first = 0
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| 67 |
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| 68 | for data in chunks(item, cluster_size):
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| 69 | empty_cluster = fat.index(0)
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| 70 | fat[empty_cluster] = 0xffff
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| 71 |
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| 72 | if (prev != -1):
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| 73 | fat[prev] = empty_cluster
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| 74 | else:
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| 75 | first = empty_cluster
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| 76 |
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| 77 | prev = empty_cluster
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| 78 |
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| 79 | outf.seek(data_start + (empty_cluster - reserved_clusters) * cluster_size)
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| 80 | outf.write(data)
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| 81 |
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| 82 | return first, item.size
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| 83 |
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| 84 | def write_directory(directory, outf, cluster_size, data_start, fat, reserved_clusters, dirent_size, empty_cluster):
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| 85 | "Store the contents of a directory"
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| 86 |
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| 87 | length = len(directory)
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| 88 | size = length * dirent_size
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| 89 | prev = -1
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| 90 | first = 0
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| 91 |
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| 92 | i = 0
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| 93 | rd = 0;
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| 94 | while (rd < size):
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| 95 | if (prev != -1):
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| 96 | empty_cluster = fat.index(0)
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| 97 | fat[empty_cluster] = 0xffff
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| 98 | fat[prev] = empty_cluster
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| 99 | else:
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| 100 | first = empty_cluster
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| 101 |
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| 102 | prev = empty_cluster
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| 103 |
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| 104 | data = bytes()
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| 105 | data_len = 0
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| 106 | while ((i < length) and (data_len < cluster_size)):
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| 107 | if (i == 0):
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| 108 | directory[i].cluster = empty_cluster
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| 109 |
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| 110 | data += directory[i].pack()
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| 111 | data_len += dirent_size
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| 112 | i += 1
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| 113 |
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| 114 | outf.seek(data_start + (empty_cluster - reserved_clusters) * cluster_size)
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| 115 | outf.write(data)
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| 116 | rd += len(data)
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| 117 |
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| 118 | return first, size
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| 119 |
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| 120 | DIR_ENTRY = """little:
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| 121 | char name[8] /* file name */
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| 122 | char ext[3] /* file extension */
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| 123 | uint8_t attr /* file attributes */
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| 124 | uint8_t lcase /* file name case (NT extension) */
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| 125 | uint8_t ctime_fine /* create time (fine resolution) */
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| 126 | uint16_t ctime /* create time */
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| 127 | uint16_t cdate /* create date */
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| 128 | uint16_t adate /* access date */
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| 129 | padding[2] /* EA-index */
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| 130 | uint16_t mtime /* modification time */
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| 131 | uint16_t mdate /* modification date */
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| 132 | uint16_t cluster /* first cluster */
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| 133 | uint32_t size /* file size */
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| 134 | """
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| 135 |
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| 136 | DOT_DIR_ENTRY = """little:
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| 137 | uint8_t signature /* 0x2e signature */
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| 138 | char name[7] /* empty */
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| 139 | char ext[3] /* empty */
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| 140 | uint8_t attr /* file attributes */
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| 141 | padding[1] /* reserved for NT */
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| 142 | uint8_t ctime_fine /* create time (fine resolution) */
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| 143 | uint16_t ctime /* create time */
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| 144 | uint16_t cdate /* create date */
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| 145 | uint16_t adate /* access date */
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| 146 | padding[2] /* EA-index */
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| 147 | uint16_t mtime /* modification time */
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| 148 | uint16_t mdate /* modification date */
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| 149 | uint16_t cluster /* first cluster */
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| 150 | uint32_t size /* file size */
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| 151 | """
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| 152 |
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| 153 | DOTDOT_DIR_ENTRY = """little:
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| 154 | uint8_t signature[2] /* 0x2e signature */
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| 155 | char name[6] /* empty */
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| 156 | char ext[3] /* empty */
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| 157 | uint8_t attr /* file attributes */
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| 158 | padding[1] /* reserved for NT */
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| 159 | uint8_t ctime_fine /* create time (fine resolution) */
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| 160 | uint16_t ctime /* create time */
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| 161 | uint16_t cdate /* create date */
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| 162 | uint16_t adate /* access date */
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| 163 | padding[2] /* EA-index */
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| 164 | uint16_t mtime /* modification time */
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| 165 | uint16_t mdate /* modification date */
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| 166 | uint16_t cluster /* first cluster */
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| 167 | uint32_t size /* file size */
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| 168 | """
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| 169 |
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| 170 | LFN_ENTRY = """little:
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| 171 | uint8_t pos
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| 172 | uint16_t name1[5]
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| 173 | uint8_t attr
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| 174 | uint8_t type
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| 175 | uint8_t csum
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| 176 | uint16_t name2[6]
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| 177 | uint16_t fc
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| 178 | uint16_t name3[2]
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| 179 | """
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| 180 |
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| 181 | # Global variable to hold the file names in 8.3 format. Needed to
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| 182 | # keep track of "number" when creating a short fname from a LFN.
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| 183 | name83_list = []
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| 184 |
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| 185 | def name83(fname):
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| 186 | "Create a 8.3 name for the given fname"
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| 187 |
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| 188 | # FIXME: filter illegal characters
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| 189 | parts = fname.split('.')
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| 190 |
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| 191 | name = ''
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| 192 | ext = ''
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| 193 | lfn = False
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| 194 |
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| 195 | if len(fname) > 11 :
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| 196 | lfn = True
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| 197 |
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| 198 | if len(parts) > 0:
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| 199 | name = parts[0]
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| 200 | if len(name) > 8 :
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| 201 | lfn = True
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| 202 |
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| 203 | if len(parts) > 1 :
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| 204 | ext = parts[-1]
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| 205 | if len(ext) > 3 :
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| 206 | lfn = True
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| 207 |
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| 208 | if len(parts) > 2 :
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| 209 | lfn = True
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| 210 |
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| 211 | if (lfn == False) :
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| 212 | return (name.ljust(8)[0:8], ext.ljust(3)[0:3], False)
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| 213 |
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| 214 | # For filenames with multiple extensions, we treat the last one
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| 215 | # as the actual extension. The rest of the filename is stripped
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| 216 | # of dots and concatenated to form the short name
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| 217 | for _name in parts[1:-1]:
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| 218 | name = name + _name
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| 219 |
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| 220 | global name83_list
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| 221 | for number in range(1, 10000) :
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| 222 | number_str = '~' + str(number)
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| 223 |
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| 224 | if len(name) + len(number_str) > 8 :
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| 225 | name = name[0:8 - len(number_str)]
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| 226 |
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| 227 | name = name + number_str;
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| 228 |
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| 229 | if (name + ext) not in name83_list :
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| 230 | break
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| 231 |
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| 232 | name83_list.append(name + ext)
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| 233 |
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| 234 | return (name.ljust(8)[0:8], ext.ljust(3)[0:3], True)
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| 235 |
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| 236 | def get_utf16(name, l) :
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| 237 | "Create a int array out of a string which we can store in uint16_t arrays"
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| 238 |
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| 239 | bs = [0xFFFF for i in range(l)]
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| 240 |
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| 241 | for i in range(len(name)) :
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| 242 | bs[i] = ord(name[i])
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| 243 |
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| 244 | if (len(name) < l) :
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| 245 | bs[len(name)] = 0;
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| 246 |
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| 247 | return bs
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| 248 |
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| 249 | def create_lfn_entry((name, index)) :
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| 250 | entry = xstruct.create(LFN_ENTRY)
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| 251 |
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| 252 | entry.name1 = get_utf16(name[0:5], 5)
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| 253 | entry.name2 = get_utf16(name[5:11], 6)
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| 254 | entry.name3 = get_utf16(name[11:13], 2)
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| 255 | entry.pos = index
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| 256 |
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| 257 | entry.attr = 0xF
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| 258 | entry.fc = 0
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| 259 | entry.type = 0
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| 260 |
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| 261 | return entry
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| 262 |
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| 263 | def create_dirent(name, directory, cluster, size):
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| 264 |
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| 265 | dir_entry = xstruct.create(DIR_ENTRY)
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| 266 |
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| 267 | dir_entry.name, dir_entry.ext, lfn = name83(name)
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| 268 |
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| 269 | dir_entry.name = dir_entry.name.upper().encode('ascii')
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| 270 | dir_entry.ext = dir_entry.ext.upper().encode('ascii')
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| 271 |
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| 272 | if (directory):
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| 273 | dir_entry.attr = 0x30
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| 274 | else:
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| 275 | dir_entry.attr = 0x20
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| 276 |
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| 277 | dir_entry.lcase = 0x18
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| 278 | dir_entry.ctime_fine = 0 # FIXME
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| 279 | dir_entry.ctime = 0 # FIXME
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| 280 | dir_entry.cdate = 0 # FIXME
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| 281 | dir_entry.adate = 0 # FIXME
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| 282 | dir_entry.mtime = 0 # FIXME
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| 283 | dir_entry.mdate = 0 # FIXME
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| 284 | dir_entry.cluster = cluster
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| 285 |
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| 286 | if (directory):
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| 287 | dir_entry.size = 0
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| 288 | else:
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| 289 | dir_entry.size = size
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| 290 |
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| 291 |
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| 292 | if not lfn:
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| 293 | return [dir_entry]
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| 294 |
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| 295 | n = len(name) / 13 + 1
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| 296 | names = [(name[i * 13: (i + 1) * 13 + 1], i + 1) for i in range(n)]
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| 297 |
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| 298 | entries = sorted(map (create_lfn_entry, names), reverse = True, key = lambda e : e.pos)
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| 299 | entries[0].pos |= 0x40
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| 300 |
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| 301 | fname11 = dir_entry.name + dir_entry.ext
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| 302 |
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| 303 | csum = 0
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| 304 | for i in range(0, 11) :
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| 305 | csum = ((csum & 1) << 7) + (csum >> 1) + ord(fname11[i])
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| 306 | csum = csum & 0xFF
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| 307 |
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| 308 | for e in entries :
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| 309 | e.csum = csum;
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| 310 |
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| 311 | entries.append(dir_entry)
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| 312 |
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| 313 | return entries
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| 314 |
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| 315 | def create_dot_dirent(empty_cluster):
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| 316 | dir_entry = xstruct.create(DOT_DIR_ENTRY)
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| 317 |
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| 318 | dir_entry.signature = 0x2e
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| 319 | dir_entry.name = b' '
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| 320 | dir_entry.ext = b' '
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| 321 | dir_entry.attr = 0x10
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| 322 |
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| 323 | dir_entry.ctime_fine = 0 # FIXME
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| 324 | dir_entry.ctime = 0 # FIXME
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| 325 | dir_entry.cdate = 0 # FIXME
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| 326 | dir_entry.adate = 0 # FIXME
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| 327 | dir_entry.mtime = 0 # FIXME
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| 328 | dir_entry.mdate = 0 # FIXME
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| 329 | dir_entry.cluster = empty_cluster
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| 330 | dir_entry.size = 0
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| 331 |
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| 332 | return dir_entry
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| 333 |
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| 334 | def create_dotdot_dirent(parent_cluster):
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| 335 | dir_entry = xstruct.create(DOTDOT_DIR_ENTRY)
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| 336 |
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| 337 | dir_entry.signature = [0x2e, 0x2e]
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| 338 | dir_entry.name = b' '
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| 339 | dir_entry.ext = b' '
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| 340 | dir_entry.attr = 0x10
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| 341 |
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| 342 | dir_entry.ctime_fine = 0 # FIXME
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| 343 | dir_entry.ctime = 0 # FIXME
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| 344 | dir_entry.cdate = 0 # FIXME
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| 345 | dir_entry.adate = 0 # FIXME
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| 346 | dir_entry.mtime = 0 # FIXME
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| 347 | dir_entry.mdate = 0 # FIXME
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| 348 | dir_entry.cluster = parent_cluster
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| 349 | dir_entry.size = 0
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| 350 |
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| 351 | return dir_entry
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| 352 |
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| 353 | def recursion(head, root, outf, cluster_size, root_start, data_start, fat, reserved_clusters, dirent_size, parent_cluster):
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| 354 | "Recursive directory walk"
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| 355 |
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| 356 | directory = []
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| 357 |
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| 358 | if (not head):
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| 359 | # Directory cluster preallocation
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| 360 | empty_cluster = fat.index(0)
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| 361 | fat[empty_cluster] = 0xffff
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| 362 |
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| 363 | directory.append(create_dot_dirent(empty_cluster))
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| 364 | directory.append(create_dotdot_dirent(parent_cluster))
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| 365 | else:
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| 366 | empty_cluster = 0
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| 367 |
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| 368 | for item in listdir_items(root):
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| 369 | if item.is_file:
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| 370 | rv = write_file(item, outf, cluster_size, data_start, fat, reserved_clusters)
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| 371 | directory.extend(create_dirent(item.name, False, rv[0], rv[1]))
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| 372 | elif item.is_dir:
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| 373 | rv = recursion(False, item.path, outf, cluster_size, root_start, data_start, fat, reserved_clusters, dirent_size, empty_cluster)
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| 374 | directory.extend(create_dirent(item.name, True, rv[0], rv[1]))
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| 375 |
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| 376 | if (head):
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| 377 | outf.seek(root_start)
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| 378 | for dir_entry in directory:
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| 379 | outf.write(dir_entry.pack())
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| 380 | else:
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| 381 | return write_directory(directory, outf, cluster_size, data_start, fat, reserved_clusters, dirent_size, empty_cluster)
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| 382 |
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| 383 | BOOT_SECTOR = """little:
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| 384 | uint8_t jmp[3] /* jump instruction */
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| 385 | char oem[8] /* OEM string */
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| 386 | uint16_t sector /* bytes per sector */
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| 387 | uint8_t cluster /* sectors per cluster */
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| 388 | uint16_t reserved /* reserved sectors */
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| 389 | uint8_t fats /* number of FATs */
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| 390 | uint16_t rootdir /* root directory entries */
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| 391 | uint16_t sectors /* total number of sectors */
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| 392 | uint8_t descriptor /* media descriptor */
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| 393 | uint16_t fat_sectors /* sectors per single FAT */
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| 394 | uint16_t track_sectors /* sectors per track */
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| 395 | uint16_t heads /* number of heads */
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| 396 | uint32_t hidden /* hidden sectors */
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| 397 | uint32_t sectors_big /* total number of sectors (if sectors == 0) */
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| 398 |
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| 399 | /* Extended BIOS Parameter Block */
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| 400 | uint8_t drive /* physical drive number */
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| 401 | padding[1] /* reserved (current head) */
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| 402 | uint8_t extboot_signature /* extended boot signature */
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| 403 | uint32_t serial /* serial number */
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| 404 | char label[11] /* volume label */
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| 405 | char fstype[8] /* filesystem type */
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| 406 | padding[448] /* boot code */
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| 407 | uint8_t boot_signature[2] /* boot signature */
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| 408 | """
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| 409 |
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| 410 | EMPTY_SECTOR = """little:
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| 411 | padding[512] /* empty sector data */
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| 412 | """
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| 413 |
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| 414 | FAT_ENTRY = """little:
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| 415 | uint16_t next /* FAT16 entry */
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| 416 | """
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| 417 |
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| 418 | def usage(prname):
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| 419 | "Print usage syntax"
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| 420 | print(prname + " <EXTRA_BYTES> <PATH> <IMAGE>")
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| 421 |
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| 422 | def main():
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| 423 | if (len(sys.argv) < 4):
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| 424 | usage(sys.argv[0])
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| 425 | return
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| 426 |
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| 427 | if (not sys.argv[1].isdigit()):
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| 428 | print("<EXTRA_BYTES> must be a number")
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| 429 | return
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| 430 |
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| 431 | extra_bytes = int(sys.argv[1])
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| 432 |
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| 433 | path = os.path.abspath(sys.argv[2])
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| 434 | if (not os.path.isdir(path)):
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| 435 | print("<PATH> must be a directory")
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| 436 | return
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| 437 |
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| 438 | fat16_clusters = 4096
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| 439 |
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| 440 | sector_size = 512
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| 441 | cluster_size = 4096
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| 442 | dirent_size = 32
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| 443 | fatent_size = 2
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| 444 | fat_count = 2
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| 445 | reserved_clusters = 2
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| 446 |
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| 447 | # Make sure the filesystem is large enough for FAT16
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| 448 | size = subtree_size(path, cluster_size, dirent_size) + reserved_clusters * cluster_size + extra_bytes
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| 449 | while (size // cluster_size < fat16_clusters):
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| 450 | if (cluster_size > sector_size):
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| 451 | cluster_size = cluster_size // 2
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| 452 | size = subtree_size(path, cluster_size, dirent_size) + reserved_clusters * cluster_size + extra_bytes
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| 453 | else:
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| 454 | size = fat16_clusters * cluster_size + reserved_clusters * cluster_size
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| 455 |
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| 456 | root_size = align_up(root_entries(path) * dirent_size, cluster_size)
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| 457 |
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| 458 | fat_size = align_up(align_up(size, cluster_size) // cluster_size * fatent_size, sector_size)
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| 459 |
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| 460 | sectors = (cluster_size + fat_count * fat_size + root_size + size) // sector_size
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| 461 | root_start = cluster_size + fat_count * fat_size
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| 462 | data_start = root_start + root_size
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| 463 |
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| 464 | outf = open(sys.argv[3], "wb")
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| 465 |
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| 466 | boot_sector = xstruct.create(BOOT_SECTOR)
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| 467 | boot_sector.jmp = [0xEB, 0x3C, 0x90]
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| 468 | boot_sector.oem = b'MSDOS5.0'
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| 469 | boot_sector.sector = sector_size
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| 470 | boot_sector.cluster = cluster_size // sector_size
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| 471 | boot_sector.reserved = cluster_size // sector_size
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| 472 | boot_sector.fats = fat_count
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| 473 | boot_sector.rootdir = root_size // dirent_size
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| 474 | if (sectors <= 65535):
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| 475 | boot_sector.sectors = sectors
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| 476 | else:
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| 477 | boot_sector.sectors = 0
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| 478 | boot_sector.descriptor = 0xF8
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| 479 | boot_sector.fat_sectors = fat_size // sector_size
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| 480 | boot_sector.track_sectors = 63
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| 481 | boot_sector.heads = 6
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| 482 | boot_sector.hidden = 0
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| 483 | if (sectors > 65535):
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| 484 | boot_sector.sectors_big = sectors
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| 485 | else:
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| 486 | boot_sector.sectors_big = 0
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| 487 |
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| 488 | boot_sector.drive = 0x80
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| 489 | boot_sector.extboot_signature = 0x29
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| 490 | boot_sector.serial = random.randint(0, 0x7fffffff)
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| 491 | boot_sector.label = b'HELENOS'
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| 492 | boot_sector.fstype = b'FAT16 '
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| 493 | boot_sector.boot_signature = [0x55, 0xAA]
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| 494 |
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| 495 | outf.write(boot_sector.pack())
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| 496 |
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| 497 | empty_sector = xstruct.create(EMPTY_SECTOR)
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| 498 |
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| 499 | # Reserved sectors
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| 500 | for i in range(1, cluster_size // sector_size):
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| 501 | outf.write(empty_sector.pack())
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| 502 |
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| 503 | # FAT tables
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| 504 | for i in range(0, fat_count):
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| 505 | for j in range(0, fat_size // sector_size):
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| 506 | outf.write(empty_sector.pack())
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| 507 |
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| 508 | # Root directory
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| 509 | for i in range(0, root_size // sector_size):
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| 510 | outf.write(empty_sector.pack())
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| 511 |
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| 512 | # Data
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| 513 | for i in range(0, size // sector_size):
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| 514 | outf.write(empty_sector.pack())
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| 515 |
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| 516 | fat = array.array('L', [0] * (fat_size // fatent_size))
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| 517 | fat[0] = 0xfff8
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| 518 | fat[1] = 0xffff
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| 519 |
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| 520 | recursion(True, path, outf, cluster_size, root_start, data_start, fat, reserved_clusters, dirent_size, 0)
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| 521 |
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| 522 | # Store FAT
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| 523 | fat_entry = xstruct.create(FAT_ENTRY)
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| 524 | for i in range(0, fat_count):
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| 525 | outf.seek(cluster_size + i * fat_size)
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| 526 | for j in range(0, fat_size // fatent_size):
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| 527 | fat_entry.next = fat[j]
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| 528 | outf.write(fat_entry.pack())
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| 529 |
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| 530 | outf.close()
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| 531 |
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| 532 | if __name__ == '__main__':
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| 533 | main()
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