| 1 | /*
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| 2 | * Copyright (c) 2001-2004 Jakub Jermar
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| 3 | * All rights reserved.
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| 4 | *
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| 5 | * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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| 6 | * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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| 7 | * are met:
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| 8 | *
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| 9 | * - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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| 10 | * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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| 11 | * - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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| 12 | * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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| 13 | * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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| 14 | * - The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
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| 15 | * derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
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| 16 | *
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| 17 | * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
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| 18 | * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
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| 19 | * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
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| 20 | * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
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| 21 | * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
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| 22 | * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
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| 23 | * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
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| 24 | * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
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| 25 | * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
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| 26 | * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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| 27 | */
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| 28 |
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| 29 | /** @addtogroup main
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| 30 | * @{
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| 31 | */
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| 32 |
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| 33 | /**
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| 34 | * @file
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| 35 | * @brief Main initialization kernel function for all processors.
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| 36 | *
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| 37 | * During kernel boot, all processors, after architecture dependent
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| 38 | * initialization, start executing code found in this file. After
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| 39 | * bringing up all subsystems, control is passed to scheduler().
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| 40 | *
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| 41 | * The bootstrap processor starts executing main_bsp() while
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| 42 | * the application processors start executing main_ap().
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| 43 | *
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| 44 | * @see scheduler()
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| 45 | * @see main_bsp()
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| 46 | * @see main_ap()
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| 47 | */
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| 48 |
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| 49 | #include <arch/asm.h>
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| 50 | #include <context.h>
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| 51 | #include <print.h>
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| 52 | #include <panic.h>
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| 53 | #include <debug.h>
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| 54 | #include <config.h>
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| 55 | #include <time/clock.h>
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| 56 | #include <time/timeout.h>
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| 57 | #include <proc/scheduler.h>
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| 58 | #include <proc/thread.h>
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| 59 | #include <proc/task.h>
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| 60 | #include <main/kinit.h>
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| 61 | #include <main/version.h>
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| 62 | #include <console/kconsole.h>
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| 63 | #include <console/console.h>
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| 64 | #include <cpu.h>
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| 65 | #include <align.h>
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| 66 | #include <interrupt.h>
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| 67 | #include <mm/frame.h>
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| 68 | #include <mm/page.h>
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| 69 | #include <genarch/mm/page_pt.h>
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| 70 | #include <mm/tlb.h>
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| 71 | #include <mm/as.h>
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| 72 | #include <mm/slab.h>
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| 73 | #include <mm/reserve.h>
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| 74 | #include <synch/waitq.h>
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| 75 | #include <synch/futex.h>
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| 76 | #include <arch/arch.h>
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| 77 | #include <arch.h>
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| 78 | #include <arch/faddr.h>
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| 79 | #include <ipc/ipc.h>
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| 80 | #include <macros.h>
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| 81 | #include <adt/btree.h>
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| 82 | #include <smp/smp.h>
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| 83 | #include <ddi/ddi.h>
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| 84 | #include <main/main.h>
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| 85 | #include <ipc/event.h>
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| 86 | #include <sysinfo/sysinfo.h>
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| 87 | #include <sysinfo/stats.h>
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| 88 |
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| 89 | /** Global configuration structure. */
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| 90 | config_t config;
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| 91 |
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| 92 | /** Initial user-space tasks */
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| 93 | init_t init = {
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| 94 | .cnt = 0
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| 95 | };
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| 96 |
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| 97 | /** Boot allocations. */
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| 98 | ballocs_t ballocs = {
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| 99 | .base = (uintptr_t) NULL,
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| 100 | .size = 0
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| 101 | };
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| 102 |
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| 103 | context_t ctx;
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| 104 |
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| 105 | /** Lowest safe stack virtual address. */
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| 106 | uintptr_t stack_safe = 0;
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| 107 |
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| 108 | /*
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| 109 | * These two functions prevent stack from underflowing during the
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| 110 | * kernel boot phase when SP is set to the very top of the reserved
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| 111 | * space. The stack could get corrupted by a fooled compiler-generated
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| 112 | * pop sequence otherwise.
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| 113 | */
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| 114 | static void main_bsp_separated_stack(void);
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| 115 |
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| 116 | #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
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| 117 | static void main_ap_separated_stack(void);
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| 118 | #endif
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| 119 |
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| 120 | #define CONFIG_STACK_SIZE ((1 << STACK_FRAMES) * STACK_SIZE)
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| 121 |
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| 122 | /** Main kernel routine for bootstrap CPU.
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| 123 | *
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| 124 | * The code here still runs on the boot stack, which knows nothing about
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| 125 | * preemption counts. Because of that, this function cannot directly call
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| 126 | * functions that disable or enable preemption (e.g. spinlock_lock()). The
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| 127 | * primary task of this function is to calculate address of a new stack and
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| 128 | * switch to it.
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| 129 | *
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| 130 | * Assuming interrupts_disable().
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| 131 | *
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| 132 | */
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| 133 | NO_TRACE void main_bsp(void)
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| 134 | {
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| 135 | config.cpu_count = 1;
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| 136 | config.cpu_active = 1;
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| 137 |
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| 138 | config.base = hardcoded_load_address;
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| 139 | config.kernel_size = ALIGN_UP(hardcoded_ktext_size +
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| 140 | hardcoded_kdata_size, PAGE_SIZE);
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| 141 | config.stack_size = CONFIG_STACK_SIZE;
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| 142 |
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| 143 | /* Initialy the stack is placed just after the kernel */
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| 144 | config.stack_base = config.base + config.kernel_size;
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| 145 |
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| 146 | /* Avoid placing stack on top of init */
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| 147 | size_t i;
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| 148 | for (i = 0; i < init.cnt; i++) {
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| 149 | if (PA_OVERLAPS(config.stack_base, config.stack_size,
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| 150 | init.tasks[i].addr, init.tasks[i].size))
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| 151 | config.stack_base = ALIGN_UP(init.tasks[i].addr +
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| 152 | init.tasks[i].size, config.stack_size);
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| 153 | }
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| 154 |
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| 155 | /* Avoid placing stack on top of boot allocations. */
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| 156 | if (ballocs.size) {
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| 157 | if (PA_OVERLAPS(config.stack_base, config.stack_size,
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| 158 | ballocs.base, ballocs.size))
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| 159 | config.stack_base = ALIGN_UP(ballocs.base +
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| 160 | ballocs.size, PAGE_SIZE);
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| 161 | }
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| 162 |
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| 163 | if (config.stack_base < stack_safe)
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| 164 | config.stack_base = ALIGN_UP(stack_safe, PAGE_SIZE);
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| 165 |
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| 166 | context_save(&ctx);
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| 167 | context_set(&ctx, FADDR(main_bsp_separated_stack), config.stack_base,
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| 168 | THREAD_STACK_SIZE);
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| 169 | context_restore(&ctx);
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| 170 | /* not reached */
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| 171 | }
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| 172 |
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| 173 | /** Main kernel routine for bootstrap CPU using new stack.
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| 174 | *
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| 175 | * Second part of main_bsp().
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| 176 | *
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| 177 | */
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| 178 | void main_bsp_separated_stack(void)
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| 179 | {
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| 180 | /* Keep this the first thing. */
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| 181 | the_initialize(THE);
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| 182 |
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| 183 | version_print();
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| 184 |
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| 185 | LOG("\nconfig.base=%p config.kernel_size=%zu"
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| 186 | "\nconfig.stack_base=%p config.stack_size=%zu",
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| 187 | (void *) config.base, config.kernel_size,
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| 188 | (void *) config.stack_base, config.stack_size);
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| 189 |
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| 190 | #ifdef CONFIG_KCONSOLE
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| 191 | /*
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| 192 | * kconsole data structures must be initialized very early
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| 193 | * because other subsystems will register their respective
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| 194 | * commands.
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| 195 | */
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| 196 | kconsole_init();
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| 197 | #endif
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| 198 |
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| 199 | /*
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| 200 | * Exception handler initialization, before architecture
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| 201 | * starts adding its own handlers
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| 202 | */
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| 203 | exc_init();
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| 204 |
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| 205 | /*
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| 206 | * Memory management subsystems initialization.
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| 207 | */
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| 208 | arch_pre_mm_init();
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| 209 | frame_init();
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| 210 |
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| 211 | /* Initialize at least 1 memory segment big enough for slab to work. */
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| 212 | slab_cache_init();
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| 213 | sysinfo_init();
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| 214 | btree_init();
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| 215 | as_init();
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| 216 | page_init();
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| 217 | tlb_init();
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| 218 | ddi_init();
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| 219 | arch_post_mm_init();
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| 220 | reserve_init();
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| 221 | arch_pre_smp_init();
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| 222 | smp_init();
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| 223 |
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| 224 | /* Slab must be initialized after we know the number of processors. */
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| 225 | slab_enable_cpucache();
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| 226 |
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| 227 | uint64_t size;
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| 228 | const char *size_suffix;
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| 229 | bin_order_suffix(zones_total_size(), &size, &size_suffix, false);
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| 230 | printf("Detected %u CPU(s), %" PRIu64 " %s free memory\n",
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| 231 | config.cpu_count, size, size_suffix);
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| 232 |
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| 233 | cpu_init();
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| 234 |
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| 235 | calibrate_delay_loop();
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| 236 | clock_counter_init();
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| 237 | timeout_init();
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| 238 | scheduler_init();
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| 239 | task_init();
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| 240 | thread_init();
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| 241 | futex_init();
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| 242 |
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| 243 | if (init.cnt > 0) {
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| 244 | size_t i;
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| 245 | for (i = 0; i < init.cnt; i++)
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| 246 | LOG("init[%zu].addr=%p, init[%zu].size=%zu",
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| 247 | i, (void *) init.tasks[i].addr, i, init.tasks[i].size);
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| 248 | } else
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| 249 | printf("No init binaries found.\n");
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| 250 |
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| 251 | ipc_init();
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| 252 | event_init();
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| 253 | klog_init();
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| 254 | stats_init();
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| 255 |
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| 256 | /*
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| 257 | * Create kernel task.
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| 258 | */
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| 259 | task_t *kernel = task_create(AS_KERNEL, "kernel");
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| 260 | if (!kernel)
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| 261 | panic("Cannot create kernel task.");
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| 262 |
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| 263 | /*
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| 264 | * Create the first thread.
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| 265 | */
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| 266 | thread_t *kinit_thread
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| 267 | = thread_create(kinit, NULL, kernel, 0, "kinit", true);
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| 268 | if (!kinit_thread)
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| 269 | panic("Cannot create kinit thread.");
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| 270 | thread_ready(kinit_thread);
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| 271 |
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| 272 | /*
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| 273 | * This call to scheduler() will return to kinit,
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| 274 | * starting the thread of kernel threads.
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| 275 | */
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| 276 | scheduler();
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| 277 | /* not reached */
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| 278 | }
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| 279 |
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| 280 | #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
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| 281 |
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| 282 | /** Main kernel routine for application CPUs.
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| 283 | *
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| 284 | * Executed by application processors, temporary stack
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| 285 | * is at ctx.sp which was set during BSP boot.
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| 286 | * This function passes control directly to
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| 287 | * main_ap_separated_stack().
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| 288 | *
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| 289 | * Assuming interrupts_disable()'d.
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| 290 | *
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| 291 | */
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| 292 | void main_ap(void)
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| 293 | {
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| 294 | /*
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| 295 | * Incrementing the active CPU counter will guarantee that the
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| 296 | * *_init() functions can find out that they need to
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| 297 | * do initialization for AP only.
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| 298 | */
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| 299 | config.cpu_active++;
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| 300 |
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| 301 | /*
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| 302 | * The THE structure is well defined because ctx.sp is used as stack.
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| 303 | */
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| 304 | the_initialize(THE);
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| 305 |
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| 306 | arch_pre_mm_init();
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| 307 | frame_init();
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| 308 | page_init();
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| 309 | tlb_init();
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| 310 | arch_post_mm_init();
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| 311 |
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| 312 | cpu_init();
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| 313 | calibrate_delay_loop();
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| 314 | arch_post_cpu_init();
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| 315 |
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| 316 | the_copy(THE, (the_t *) CPU->stack);
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| 317 |
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| 318 | /*
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| 319 | * If we woke kmp up before we left the kernel stack, we could
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| 320 | * collide with another CPU coming up. To prevent this, we
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| 321 | * switch to this cpu's private stack prior to waking kmp up.
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| 322 | */
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| 323 | context_save(&CPU->saved_context);
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| 324 | context_set(&CPU->saved_context, FADDR(main_ap_separated_stack),
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| 325 | (uintptr_t) CPU->stack, CPU_STACK_SIZE);
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| 326 | context_restore(&CPU->saved_context);
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| 327 | /* not reached */
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| 328 | }
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| 329 |
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| 330 | /** Main kernel routine for application CPUs using new stack.
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| 331 | *
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| 332 | * Second part of main_ap().
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| 333 | *
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| 334 | */
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| 335 | void main_ap_separated_stack(void)
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| 336 | {
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| 337 | /*
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| 338 | * Configure timeouts for this cpu.
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| 339 | */
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| 340 | timeout_init();
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| 341 |
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| 342 | waitq_wakeup(&ap_completion_wq, WAKEUP_FIRST);
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| 343 | scheduler();
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| 344 | /* not reached */
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| 345 | }
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| 346 |
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| 347 | #endif /* CONFIG_SMP */
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| 348 |
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| 349 | /** @}
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| 350 | */
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