| 1 | /*
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| 2 | * Copyright (c) 2010 Jakub Jermar
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| 3 | * All rights reserved.
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| 4 | *
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| 5 | * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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| 6 | * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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| 7 | * are met:
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| 8 | *
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| 9 | * - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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| 10 | * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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| 11 | * - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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| 12 | * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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| 13 | * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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| 14 | * - The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
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| 15 | * derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
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| 16 | *
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| 17 | * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
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| 18 | * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
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| 19 | * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
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| 20 | * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
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| 21 | * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
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| 22 | * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
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| 23 | * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
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| 24 | * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
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| 25 | * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
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| 26 | * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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| 27 | */
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| 28 |
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| 29 | /** @addtogroup genericmm
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| 30 | * @{
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| 31 | */
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| 32 | /** @file
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| 33 | */
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| 34 |
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| 35 | #ifndef KERN_AS_H_
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| 36 | #define KERN_AS_H_
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| 37 |
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| 38 | #ifdef KERNEL
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| 39 | #include <typedefs.h>
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| 40 | #else
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| 41 | #include <sys/types.h>
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| 42 | #endif
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| 43 |
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| 44 | /** Address space area flags. */
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| 45 | #define AS_AREA_READ 1
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| 46 | #define AS_AREA_WRITE 2
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| 47 | #define AS_AREA_EXEC 4
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| 48 | #define AS_AREA_CACHEABLE 8
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| 49 |
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| 50 | /** Address space area info exported to userspace. */
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| 51 | typedef struct {
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| 52 | /** Starting address */
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| 53 | uintptr_t start_addr;
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| 54 |
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| 55 | /** Area size */
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| 56 | size_t size;
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| 57 |
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| 58 | /** Area flags */
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| 59 | int flags;
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| 60 | } as_area_info_t;
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| 61 |
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| 62 | #ifdef KERNEL
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| 63 |
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| 64 | #include <arch/mm/page.h>
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| 65 | #include <arch/mm/as.h>
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| 66 | #include <arch/mm/asid.h>
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| 67 | #include <typedefs.h>
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| 68 | #include <synch/spinlock.h>
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| 69 | #include <synch/mutex.h>
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| 70 | #include <adt/list.h>
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| 71 | #include <adt/btree.h>
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| 72 | #include <lib/elf.h>
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| 73 |
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| 74 | /**
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| 75 | * Defined to be true if user address space and kernel address space shadow each
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| 76 | * other.
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| 77 | */
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| 78 | #define KERNEL_ADDRESS_SPACE_SHADOWED KERNEL_ADDRESS_SPACE_SHADOWED_ARCH
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| 79 |
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| 80 | #define KERNEL_ADDRESS_SPACE_START KERNEL_ADDRESS_SPACE_START_ARCH
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| 81 | #define KERNEL_ADDRESS_SPACE_END KERNEL_ADDRESS_SPACE_END_ARCH
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| 82 | #define USER_ADDRESS_SPACE_START USER_ADDRESS_SPACE_START_ARCH
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| 83 | #define USER_ADDRESS_SPACE_END USER_ADDRESS_SPACE_END_ARCH
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| 84 |
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| 85 | #define USTACK_ADDRESS USTACK_ADDRESS_ARCH
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| 86 |
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| 87 | /** Kernel address space. */
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| 88 | #define FLAG_AS_KERNEL (1 << 0)
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| 89 |
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| 90 | /* Address space area attributes. */
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| 91 | #define AS_AREA_ATTR_NONE 0
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| 92 | #define AS_AREA_ATTR_PARTIAL 1 /**< Not fully initialized area. */
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| 93 |
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| 94 | /** The page fault was not resolved by as_page_fault(). */
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| 95 | #define AS_PF_FAULT 0
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| 96 | /** The page fault was resolved by as_page_fault(). */
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| 97 | #define AS_PF_OK 1
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| 98 | /** The page fault was caused by memcpy_from_uspace() or memcpy_to_uspace(). */
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| 99 | #define AS_PF_DEFER 2
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| 100 |
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| 101 | /** Address space structure.
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| 102 | *
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| 103 | * as_t contains the list of as_areas of userspace accessible
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| 104 | * pages for one or more tasks. Ranges of kernel memory pages are not
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| 105 | * supposed to figure in the list as they are shared by all tasks and
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| 106 | * set up during system initialization.
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| 107 | */
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| 108 | typedef struct as {
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| 109 | /** Protected by asidlock. */
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| 110 | link_t inactive_as_with_asid_link;
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| 111 | /**
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| 112 | * Number of processors on wich is this address space active.
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| 113 | * Protected by asidlock.
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| 114 | */
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| 115 | size_t cpu_refcount;
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| 116 | /**
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| 117 | * Address space identifier.
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| 118 | * Constant on architectures that do not support ASIDs.
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| 119 | * Protected by asidlock.
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| 120 | */
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| 121 | asid_t asid;
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| 122 |
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| 123 | /** Number of references (i.e tasks that reference this as). */
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| 124 | atomic_t refcount;
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| 125 |
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| 126 | mutex_t lock;
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| 127 |
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| 128 | /** B+tree of address space areas. */
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| 129 | btree_t as_area_btree;
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| 130 |
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| 131 | /** Non-generic content. */
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| 132 | as_genarch_t genarch;
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| 133 |
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| 134 | /** Architecture specific content. */
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| 135 | as_arch_t arch;
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| 136 | } as_t;
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| 137 |
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| 138 | typedef struct {
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| 139 | pte_t *(* page_table_create)(int flags);
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| 140 | void (* page_table_destroy)(pte_t *page_table);
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| 141 | void (* page_table_lock)(as_t *as, bool lock);
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| 142 | void (* page_table_unlock)(as_t *as, bool unlock);
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| 143 | } as_operations_t;
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| 144 |
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| 145 | /**
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| 146 | * This structure contains information associated with the shared address space
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| 147 | * area.
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| 148 | */
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| 149 | typedef struct {
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| 150 | /** This lock must be acquired only when the as_area lock is held. */
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| 151 | mutex_t lock;
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| 152 | /** This structure can be deallocated if refcount drops to 0. */
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| 153 | size_t refcount;
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| 154 | /**
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| 155 | * B+tree containing complete map of anonymous pages of the shared area.
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| 156 | */
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| 157 | btree_t pagemap;
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| 158 | } share_info_t;
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| 159 |
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| 160 | /** Page fault access type. */
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| 161 | typedef enum {
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| 162 | PF_ACCESS_READ,
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| 163 | PF_ACCESS_WRITE,
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| 164 | PF_ACCESS_EXEC
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| 165 | } pf_access_t;
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| 166 |
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| 167 | struct mem_backend;
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| 168 |
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| 169 | /** Backend data stored in address space area. */
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| 170 | typedef union mem_backend_data {
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| 171 | struct { /**< elf_backend members */
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| 172 | elf_header_t *elf;
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| 173 | elf_segment_header_t *segment;
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| 174 | };
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| 175 | struct { /**< phys_backend members */
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| 176 | uintptr_t base;
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| 177 | size_t frames;
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| 178 | };
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| 179 | } mem_backend_data_t;
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| 180 |
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| 181 | /** Address space area structure.
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| 182 | *
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| 183 | * Each as_area_t structure describes one contiguous area of virtual memory.
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| 184 | */
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| 185 | typedef struct {
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| 186 | mutex_t lock;
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| 187 | /** Containing address space. */
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| 188 | as_t *as;
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| 189 | /**
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| 190 | * Flags related to the memory represented by the address space area.
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| 191 | */
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| 192 | int flags;
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| 193 | /** Attributes related to the address space area itself. */
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| 194 | int attributes;
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| 195 | /** Size of this area in multiples of PAGE_SIZE. */
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| 196 | size_t pages;
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| 197 | /** Base address of this area. */
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| 198 | uintptr_t base;
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| 199 | /** Map of used space. */
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| 200 | btree_t used_space;
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| 201 |
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| 202 | /**
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| 203 | * If the address space area has been shared, this pointer will
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| 204 | * reference the share info structure.
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| 205 | */
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| 206 | share_info_t *sh_info;
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| 207 |
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| 208 | /** Memory backend backing this address space area. */
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| 209 | struct mem_backend *backend;
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| 210 |
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| 211 | /** Data to be used by the backend. */
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| 212 | mem_backend_data_t backend_data;
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| 213 | } as_area_t;
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| 214 |
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| 215 | /** Address space area backend structure. */
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| 216 | typedef struct mem_backend {
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| 217 | int (* page_fault)(as_area_t *area, uintptr_t addr, pf_access_t access);
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| 218 | void (* frame_free)(as_area_t *area, uintptr_t page, uintptr_t frame);
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| 219 | void (* share)(as_area_t *area);
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| 220 | } mem_backend_t;
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| 221 |
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| 222 | extern as_t *AS_KERNEL;
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| 223 |
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| 224 | extern as_operations_t *as_operations;
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| 225 | extern link_t inactive_as_with_asid_head;
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| 226 |
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| 227 | extern void as_init(void);
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| 228 |
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| 229 | extern as_t *as_create(int);
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| 230 | extern void as_destroy(as_t *);
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| 231 | extern void as_hold(as_t *);
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| 232 | extern void as_release(as_t *);
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| 233 | extern void as_switch(as_t *, as_t *);
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| 234 | extern int as_page_fault(uintptr_t, pf_access_t, istate_t *);
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| 235 |
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| 236 | extern as_area_t *as_area_create(as_t *, int, size_t, uintptr_t, int,
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| 237 | mem_backend_t *, mem_backend_data_t *);
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| 238 | extern int as_area_destroy(as_t *, uintptr_t);
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| 239 | extern int as_area_resize(as_t *, uintptr_t, size_t, int);
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| 240 | extern int as_area_share(as_t *, uintptr_t, size_t, as_t *, uintptr_t, int);
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| 241 | extern int as_area_change_flags(as_t *, int, uintptr_t);
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| 242 |
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| 243 | extern int as_area_get_flags(as_area_t *);
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| 244 | extern bool as_area_check_access(as_area_t *, pf_access_t);
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| 245 | extern size_t as_area_get_size(uintptr_t);
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| 246 | extern int used_space_insert(as_area_t *, uintptr_t, size_t);
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| 247 | extern int used_space_remove(as_area_t *, uintptr_t, size_t);
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| 248 |
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| 249 |
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| 250 | /* Interface to be implemented by architectures. */
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| 251 | #ifndef as_constructor_arch
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| 252 | extern int as_constructor_arch(as_t *, int);
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| 253 | #endif /* !def as_constructor_arch */
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| 254 | #ifndef as_destructor_arch
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| 255 | extern int as_destructor_arch(as_t *);
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| 256 | #endif /* !def as_destructor_arch */
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| 257 | #ifndef as_create_arch
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| 258 | extern int as_create_arch(as_t *, int);
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| 259 | #endif /* !def as_create_arch */
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| 260 | #ifndef as_install_arch
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| 261 | extern void as_install_arch(as_t *);
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| 262 | #endif /* !def as_install_arch */
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| 263 | #ifndef as_deinstall_arch
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| 264 | extern void as_deinstall_arch(as_t *);
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| 265 | #endif /* !def as_deinstall_arch */
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| 266 |
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| 267 | /* Backend declarations and functions. */
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| 268 | extern mem_backend_t anon_backend;
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| 269 | extern mem_backend_t elf_backend;
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| 270 | extern mem_backend_t phys_backend;
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| 271 |
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| 272 | /**
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| 273 | * This flags is passed when running the loader, otherwise elf_load()
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| 274 | * would return with a EE_LOADER error code.
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| 275 | */
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| 276 | #define ELD_F_NONE 0
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| 277 | #define ELD_F_LOADER 1
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| 278 |
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| 279 | extern unsigned int elf_load(elf_header_t *, as_t *, int);
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| 280 |
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| 281 | /* Address space area related syscalls. */
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| 282 | extern unative_t sys_as_area_create(uintptr_t, size_t, int);
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| 283 | extern unative_t sys_as_area_resize(uintptr_t, size_t, int);
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| 284 | extern unative_t sys_as_area_change_flags(uintptr_t, int);
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| 285 | extern unative_t sys_as_area_destroy(uintptr_t);
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| 286 |
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| 287 | /* Introspection functions. */
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| 288 | extern void as_get_area_info(as_t *, as_area_info_t **, size_t *);
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| 289 | extern void as_print(as_t *);
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| 290 |
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| 291 | #endif /* KERNEL */
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| 292 |
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| 293 | #endif
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| 294 |
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| 295 | /** @}
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| 296 | */
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